What was the government in the United States before the U.S. Constitution? It was the Articles of Confederation, ratified by the States on this day – March 1 – in 1781. Signed by such statesmen as John Hancock and Samuel Adams, it was an attempt to loosely knit the thirteen States together. The Articles of Confederation declared: “The said states hereby severally enter into a firm league of friendship with each other, for their common defense, the security of their liberties, and their mutual and general welfare.”